![]() Courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams. Solar storms have caused sea mines on Earth to explode and unusually bright northern lights in the past. ‘A worst-case scenario may cause the setback of the economy of a country even up to a decade.’ ‘The consequences of space weather hazards can result in anything from a mild operational inconvenience to total loss of segments of our modern technological infrastructure,’ said Prof. Many times the first real warning can only come an hour before. These charged particles, when directed towards Earth, can impact in as soon as half a day’s time. Those high periods are when it is most likely for events like coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to occur, where the sun flings off massive bulks of charged plasma into space. Solar activity follows an 11-year cycle of high and low periods. ‘If space weather forecasting is inaccurate…space storms can result in disruption in the operation of satellites, interruptions of communication, incorrect navigation data from GPS satellites, force the rerouting of polar flight paths, or set up ground induced currents that can severely impact the operation of power grids and pipelines,’ said Professor Robertus von Fay-Siebenburgen, who headed up a project called PROGRESS at the University of Sheffield in the UK.Īlong with other scientists, he coordinated the work to improve the reliability of systems that predict space weather events by measuring the solar wind from distances further away from Earth than previously possible. To get the overall rarity score for an NFT item, we sum up the rarity scores of its properties.Importantly, modern scientists have something that observers decades ago did not – sophisticated satellite data and modelling that can forecast space weather with accuracy. Step 4: Summing up of the rarity scores of all properties of each NFT This will be useful in the following steps. You'll notice that with this formula, the lesser a property value appears in the collection, the higher its rarity score will be. Continuing with our “Energy Spear” example above, this would be: 1 ÷ 0.03 = 33.33. To get it, we just divide 1 by the prevalence value. The rarity score is simply the inverse of the prevalence that we’ve calculated in step 2 above. ![]() Step 3: Calculation of the overall rarity score of each value for each property You can find the tabulated list of these possible values for each property, here. This particular value for the weapon property appears in a total of 300 NFTs. Let’s call this the prevalence of each possible value for each property.įor example, one of the weapons that can be used in a Xeno item, is the “Energy Spear”. In order to assign a “rarity score” for each property value, we need to first count how many times each property value appeared in the collection. Step 2: Calculation of the overall prevalence of each value for each property Now here’s the complete list of properties that applies to all of the 9,999 items in the collection and allows us to uniformly calculate their ranking scores: There are only 3 possible values for the Type property: So, we added an additional property named Type for the sake of these calculations. ![]() In order to appropriately account for these variables in the rankings, we used placeholder property names and values for the Xenos collection:Īdditionally, we also need to account for the 3 sub-collections where each NFT belongs. In particular, the Xenos collection doesn’t have the Hair and Face properties. Not all the sub-collections share the same set of properties. Specifically, this is how we implemented it on the Havoc Worlds collection: Step 1: Normalization of the set of properties of each NFT It’s the same approach described and used by RarityTools. The one that we adopted has just the right balance between the complexity of the method, and the intuitiveness of the ranking results. There’s quite a few NFT ranking methodologies that have already been described out there. While interesting, this presents some additional technical challenge when trying to rank the items relative to the entire collection of 9,999 total items. Aside from its clean and attractive artwork, one of the other things that make the Havoc Worlds collection unique is that it is composed of 3 sub-collections - the Xenos, Male Humans, and Female Humans each containing 3,333 items. ![]()
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